Plasma Cleaners Market Size and Forecasts (2021 - 2031), Global and Regional Share, Trends, and Growth Opportunity Analysis

Coverage: Plasma Cleaners Market covers analysis By Type (Tabletop Plasma Cleaner, Large Chamber Plasma Cleaner); Industry (Semiconductor, Automotive, Electronics, Others) , and Geography (North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and South and Central America)

  • Report Code : TIPRE00026023
  • Category : Manufacturing and Construction
  • No. of Pages : 150
Buy Now

Plasma Cleaners Market Opportunities 2031

Buy Now

MARKET INTRODUCTION

Plasma cleaning has a potential to eradicate all organic contaminations effectively from surfaces through a process of chemical reaction or physical ablation. The plasma cleaning is also utilized to eliminate microbial contaminants from surface, which makes this beneficial for sterilization in the biomaterials research applications.

MARKET DYNAMICS

The factors attributing toward the growth of the market includes rising demand for surface cleaning purpose before processing within industrial sector is influencing the market penetration of plasma cleaners. In addition to this, use of oxygen plasma cleaning for cleaning before bonding process is projected to provide ample of growth opportunities to the players operating in the plasma cleaners market.

MARKET SCOPE

The "Global Plasma Cleaners Market Analysis to 2031" is a specialized and in-depth study of the manufacturing and construction industry with a special focus on the global market trend analysis. The report aims to provide an overview of the plasma cleaners market with detailed market segmentation - type, industry, and geography. The global plasma cleaners market is expected to witness high growth during the forecast period. The report provides key statistics on the market status of the leading plasma cleaners market players and offers key trends and opportunities in the market.

MARKET SEGMENTATION

  •   Based on type, the plasma cleaners market is segmented into tabletop plasma cleaner, large chamber plasma cleaner.
  •   On the basis of application, the plasma cleaners market is segmented into semiconductor, automotive, electronics, others.
    IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON PLASMA CLEANERS MARKET
    The outbreak of the COVID-19 has negatively impacted the growth of plasma cleaners market. The pandemic has caused huge impact on plasma cleaners, due to closure of manufacturing plants and halt in manufacturing activities in different corners of the world. With closure of manufacturing plants, the supply of raw materials & components used in the plasma cleaners got disturbed. On the contrary, with business getting resumed, industrial sector is recommencing with their business gradually.

    REGIONAL FRAMEWORK

    The report provides a detailed overview of the industry including both qualitative and quantitative information. It provides an overview and forecast of the global plasma cleaners market based on various segments. It also provides market size and forecast estimates from the year 2021 to 2031 with respect to five major regions, namely; North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific (APAC), Middle East and Africa (MEA) and South & Central America (SAM). The plasma cleaners market by each region is later sub-segmented by respective countries and segments. The report covers the analysis and forecast of 18 countries globally along with the current trend and opportunities prevailing in the region.

    The report analyzes factors affecting the plasma cleaners market from both demand and supply side and further evaluates market dynamics affecting the market during the forecast period i.e., drivers, restraints, opportunities, and future trend. The report also provides exhaustive PEST analysis for all five regions namely; North America, Europe, APAC, MEA, and South & Central America after evaluating political, economic, social and technological factors affecting the plasma cleaners in these regions.

    World Geography

    Have a question?

    Analyst

    Naveen

    Naveen will walk you through a 15-minute call to present the report’s content and answer all queries if you have any.

    Analyst   Speak to Analyst
    • Sample PDF showcases the content structure and the nature of the information with qualitative and quantitative analysis.
    • Request discounts available for Start-Ups & Universities
    MARKET PLAYERS


    The report provides a detailed overview of the industry including both qualitative and quantitative information. It provides an overview and forecast of the global plasma cleaners market based on various segments. It also provides market size and forecast estimates from the year 2021 to 2031 with respect to five major regions, namely; North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific (APAC), Middle East and Africa (MEA) and South & Central America (SAM). The plasma cleaners market by each region is later sub-segmented by respective countries and segments. The report covers the analysis and forecast of 18 countries globally along with the current trend and opportunities prevailing in the region.

    The report analyzes factors affecting the plasma cleaners market from both demand and supply side and further evaluates market dynamics affecting the market during the forecast period i.e., drivers, restraints, opportunities, and future trend. The report also provides exhaustive PEST analysis for all five regions namely; North America, Europe, APAC, MEA, and South & Central America after evaluating political, economic, social and technological factors affecting the plasma cleaners in these regions.

    MARKET PLAYERS

    The reports cover key developments in the plasma cleaners market as organic and inorganic growth strategies. Various companies are focusing on organic growth strategies such as product launches, product approvals and others such as patents and events. Inorganic growth strategies activities witnessed in the market were acquisitions, and partnership & collaborations. These activities have paved way for the expansion of business and customer base of market players. The market payers from plasma cleaners market are anticipated to lucrative growth opportunities in the future with the rising demand for plasma cleaners in the global market. Below mentioned is the list of few companies engaged in the plasma cleaners market.

    The report also includes the profiles of key companies along with their SWOT analysis and market strategies in the plasma cleaners market. In addition, the report focuses on leading industry players with information such as company profiles, components, and services offered, financial information of the last 3 years, the key development in the past five years.

    •   Bdtronic
    •   Diener electronic
    •   Nordson MARCH
    •   Plasmatreat
    •   PVA TePla AG
    •   PINK GmbH Thermosysteme
    •   Plasma Etch, Inc.
    •   Samco Inc.
    •   SCI Automation
    •   Tantec
    The Insight Partner's dedicated research and analysis team consist of experienced professionals with advanced statistical expertise and offer various customization options in the existing study.
    • Sample PDF showcases the content structure and the nature of the information with qualitative and quantitative analysis.
    • Request discounts available for Start-Ups & Universities
  • Report Coverage
    Report Coverage

    Revenue forecast, Company Analysis, Industry landscape, Growth factors, and Trends

    Segment Covered
    Segment Covered

    This text is related
    to segments covered.

    Regional Scope
    Regional Scope

    North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Middle East & Africa, South & Central America

    Country Scope
    Country Scope

    This text is related
    to country scope.

    TABLE OF CONTENTS

    1. INTRODUCTION
    1.1. SCOPE OF THE STUDY
    1.2. THE INSIGHT PARTNERS RESEARCH REPORT GUIDANCE
    1.3. MARKET SEGMENTATION
    1.3.1 Plasma Cleaners Market - By Type
    1.3.2 Plasma Cleaners Market - By Industry
    1.3.3 Plasma Cleaners Market - By Region
    1.3.3.1 By Country

    2. KEY TAKEAWAYS

    3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

    4. PLASMA CLEANERS MARKET LANDSCAPE
    4.1. OVERVIEW
    4.2. PORTER'S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS
    4.2.1 Bargaining Power of Buyers
    4.2.1 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
    4.2.1 Threat of Substitute
    4.2.1 Threat of New Entrants
    4.2.1 Competitive Rivalry
    4.3. ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS
    4.4. EXPERT OPINIONS

    5. PLASMA CLEANERS MARKET - KEY MARKET DYNAMICS
    5.1. KEY MARKET DRIVERS
    5.2. KEY MARKET RESTRAINTS
    5.3. KEY MARKET OPPORTUNITIES
    5.4. FUTURE TRENDS
    5.5. IMPACT ANALYSIS OF DRIVERS AND RESTRAINTS

    6. PLASMA CLEANERS MARKET - GLOBAL MARKET ANALYSIS
    6.1. PLASMA CLEANERS - GLOBAL MARKET OVERVIEW
    6.2. PLASMA CLEANERS - GLOBAL MARKET AND FORECAST TO 2028
    6.3. MARKET POSITIONING/MARKET SHARE

    7. PLASMA CLEANERS MARKET - REVENUE AND FORECASTS TO 2028 - TYPE
    7.1. OVERVIEW
    7.2. TYPE MARKET FORECASTS AND ANALYSIS
    7.3. TABLETOP PLASMA CLEANER
    7.3.1. Overview
    7.3.2. Tabletop Plasma Cleaner Market Forecast and Analysis
    7.4. LARGE CHAMBER PLASMA CLEANER
    7.4.1. Overview
    7.4.2. Large Chamber Plasma Cleaner Market Forecast and Analysis
    8. PLASMA CLEANERS MARKET - REVENUE AND FORECASTS TO 2028 - INDUSTRY
    8.1. OVERVIEW
    8.2. INDUSTRY MARKET FORECASTS AND ANALYSIS
    8.3. SEMICONDUCTOR
    8.3.1. Overview
    8.3.2. Semiconductor Market Forecast and Analysis
    8.4. AUTOMOTIVE
    8.4.1. Overview
    8.4.2. Automotive Market Forecast and Analysis
    8.5. ELECTRONICS
    8.5.1. Overview
    8.5.2. Electronics Market Forecast and Analysis
    8.6. OTHERS
    8.6.1. Overview
    8.6.2. Others Market Forecast and Analysis

    9. PLASMA CLEANERS MARKET REVENUE AND FORECASTS TO 2028 - GEOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS
    9.1. NORTH AMERICA
    9.1.1 North America Plasma Cleaners Market Overview
    9.1.2 North America Plasma Cleaners Market Forecasts and Analysis
    9.1.3 North America Plasma Cleaners Market Forecasts and Analysis - By Type
    9.1.4 North America Plasma Cleaners Market Forecasts and Analysis - By Industry
    9.1.5 North America Plasma Cleaners Market Forecasts and Analysis - By Countries
    9.1.5.1 United States Plasma Cleaners Market
    9.1.5.1.1 United States Plasma Cleaners Market by Type
    9.1.5.1.2 United States Plasma Cleaners Market by Industry
    9.1.5.2 Canada Plasma Cleaners Market
    9.1.5.2.1 Canada Plasma Cleaners Market by Type
    9.1.5.2.2 Canada Plasma Cleaners Market by Industry
    9.1.5.3 Mexico Plasma Cleaners Market
    9.1.5.3.1 Mexico Plasma Cleaners Market by Type
    9.1.5.3.2 Mexico Plasma Cleaners Market by Industry
    9.2. EUROPE
    9.2.1 Europe Plasma Cleaners Market Overview
    9.2.2 Europe Plasma Cleaners Market Forecasts and Analysis
    9.2.3 Europe Plasma Cleaners Market Forecasts and Analysis - By Type
    9.2.4 Europe Plasma Cleaners Market Forecasts and Analysis - By Industry
    9.2.5 Europe Plasma Cleaners Market Forecasts and Analysis - By Countries
    9.2.5.1 Germany Plasma Cleaners Market
    9.2.5.1.1 Germany Plasma Cleaners Market by Type
    9.2.5.1.2 Germany Plasma Cleaners Market by Industry
    9.2.5.2 France Plasma Cleaners Market
    9.2.5.2.1 France Plasma Cleaners Market by Type
    9.2.5.2.2 France Plasma Cleaners Market by Industry
    9.2.5.3 Italy Plasma Cleaners Market
    9.2.5.3.1 Italy Plasma Cleaners Market by Type
    9.2.5.3.2 Italy Plasma Cleaners Market by Industry
    9.2.5.4 United Kingdom Plasma Cleaners Market
    9.2.5.4.1 United Kingdom Plasma Cleaners Market by Type
    9.2.5.4.2 United Kingdom Plasma Cleaners Market by Industry
    9.2.5.5 Russia Plasma Cleaners Market
    9.2.5.5.1 Russia Plasma Cleaners Market by Type
    9.2.5.5.2 Russia Plasma Cleaners Market by Industry
    9.2.5.6 Rest of Europe Plasma Cleaners Market
    9.2.5.6.1 Rest of Europe Plasma Cleaners Market by Type
    9.2.5.6.2 Rest of Europe Plasma Cleaners Market by Industry
    9.3. ASIA-PACIFIC
    9.3.1 Asia-Pacific Plasma Cleaners Market Overview
    9.3.2 Asia-Pacific Plasma Cleaners Market Forecasts and Analysis
    9.3.3 Asia-Pacific Plasma Cleaners Market Forecasts and Analysis - By Type
    9.3.4 Asia-Pacific Plasma Cleaners Market Forecasts and Analysis - By Industry
    9.3.5 Asia-Pacific Plasma Cleaners Market Forecasts and Analysis - By Countries
    9.3.5.1 Australia Plasma Cleaners Market
    9.3.5.1.1 Australia Plasma Cleaners Market by Type
    9.3.5.1.2 Australia Plasma Cleaners Market by Industry
    9.3.5.2 China Plasma Cleaners Market
    9.3.5.2.1 China Plasma Cleaners Market by Type
    9.3.5.2.2 China Plasma Cleaners Market by Industry
    9.3.5.3 India Plasma Cleaners Market
    9.3.5.3.1 India Plasma Cleaners Market by Type
    9.3.5.3.2 India Plasma Cleaners Market by Industry
    9.3.5.4 Japan Plasma Cleaners Market
    9.3.5.4.1 Japan Plasma Cleaners Market by Type
    9.3.5.4.2 Japan Plasma Cleaners Market by Industry
    9.3.5.5 South Korea Plasma Cleaners Market
    9.3.5.5.1 South Korea Plasma Cleaners Market by Type
    9.3.5.5.2 South Korea Plasma Cleaners Market by Industry
    9.3.5.6 Rest of Asia-Pacific Plasma Cleaners Market
    9.3.5.6.1 Rest of Asia-Pacific Plasma Cleaners Market by Type
    9.3.5.6.2 Rest of Asia-Pacific Plasma Cleaners Market by Industry
    9.4. MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA
    9.4.1 Middle East and Africa Plasma Cleaners Market Overview
    9.4.2 Middle East and Africa Plasma Cleaners Market Forecasts and Analysis
    9.4.3 Middle East and Africa Plasma Cleaners Market Forecasts and Analysis - By Type
    9.4.4 Middle East and Africa Plasma Cleaners Market Forecasts and Analysis - By Industry
    9.4.5 Middle East and Africa Plasma Cleaners Market Forecasts and Analysis - By Countries
    9.4.5.1 South Africa Plasma Cleaners Market
    9.4.5.1.1 South Africa Plasma Cleaners Market by Type
    9.4.5.1.2 South Africa Plasma Cleaners Market by Industry
    9.4.5.2 Saudi Arabia Plasma Cleaners Market
    9.4.5.2.1 Saudi Arabia Plasma Cleaners Market by Type
    9.4.5.2.2 Saudi Arabia Plasma Cleaners Market by Industry
    9.4.5.3 U.A.E Plasma Cleaners Market
    9.4.5.3.1 U.A.E Plasma Cleaners Market by Type
    9.4.5.3.2 U.A.E Plasma Cleaners Market by Industry
    9.4.5.4 Rest of Middle East and Africa Plasma Cleaners Market
    9.4.5.4.1 Rest of Middle East and Africa Plasma Cleaners Market by Type
    9.4.5.4.2 Rest of Middle East and Africa Plasma Cleaners Market by Industry
    9.5. SOUTH AND CENTRAL AMERICA
    9.5.1 South and Central America Plasma Cleaners Market Overview
    9.5.2 South and Central America Plasma Cleaners Market Forecasts and Analysis
    9.5.3 South and Central America Plasma Cleaners Market Forecasts and Analysis - By Type
    9.5.4 South and Central America Plasma Cleaners Market Forecasts and Analysis - By Industry
    9.5.5 South and Central America Plasma Cleaners Market Forecasts and Analysis - By Countries
    9.5.5.1 Brazil Plasma Cleaners Market
    9.5.5.1.1 Brazil Plasma Cleaners Market by Type
    9.5.5.1.2 Brazil Plasma Cleaners Market by Industry
    9.5.5.2 Argentina Plasma Cleaners Market
    9.5.5.2.1 Argentina Plasma Cleaners Market by Type
    9.5.5.2.2 Argentina Plasma Cleaners Market by Industry
    9.5.5.3 Rest of South and Central America Plasma Cleaners Market
    9.5.5.3.1 Rest of South and Central America Plasma Cleaners Market by Type
    9.5.5.3.2 Rest of South and Central America Plasma Cleaners Market by Industry

    10. INDUSTRY LANDSCAPE
    10.1. MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS
    10.2. AGREEMENTS, COLLABORATIONS AND JOIN VENTURES
    10.3. NEW PRODUCT LAUNCHES
    10.4. EXPANSIONS AND OTHER STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENTS

    11. PLASMA CLEANERS MARKET, KEY COMPANY PROFILES
    11.1. BDTRONIC
    11.1.1. Key Facts
    11.1.2. Business Description
    11.1.3. Products and Services
    11.1.4. Financial Overview
    11.1.5. SWOT Analysis
    11.1.6. Key Developments
    11.2. DIENER ELECTRONIC
    11.2.1. Key Facts
    11.2.2. Business Description
    11.2.3. Products and Services
    11.2.4. Financial Overview
    11.2.5. SWOT Analysis
    11.2.6. Key Developments
    11.3. NORDSON MARCH
    11.3.1. Key Facts
    11.3.2. Business Description
    11.3.3. Products and Services
    11.3.4. Financial Overview
    11.3.5. SWOT Analysis
    11.3.6. Key Developments
    11.4. PLASMATREAT
    11.4.1. Key Facts
    11.4.2. Business Description
    11.4.3. Products and Services
    11.4.4. Financial Overview
    11.4.5. SWOT Analysis
    11.4.6. Key Developments
    11.5. PVA TEPLA AG
    11.5.1. Key Facts
    11.5.2. Business Description
    11.5.3. Products and Services
    11.5.4. Financial Overview
    11.5.5. SWOT Analysis
    11.5.6. Key Developments
    11.6. PINK GMBH THERMOSYSTEME
    11.6.1. Key Facts
    11.6.2. Business Description
    11.6.3. Products and Services
    11.6.4. Financial Overview
    11.6.5. SWOT Analysis
    11.6.6. Key Developments
    11.7. PLASMA ETCH, INC.
    11.7.1. Key Facts
    11.7.2. Business Description
    11.7.3. Products and Services
    11.7.4. Financial Overview
    11.7.5. SWOT Analysis
    11.7.6. Key Developments
    11.8. SAMCO INC.
    11.8.1. Key Facts
    11.8.2. Business Description
    11.8.3. Products and Services
    11.8.4. Financial Overview
    11.8.5. SWOT Analysis
    11.8.6. Key Developments
    11.9. SCI AUTOMATION
    11.9.1. Key Facts
    11.9.2. Business Description
    11.9.3. Products and Services
    11.9.4. Financial Overview
    11.9.5. SWOT Analysis
    11.9.6. Key Developments
    11.10. TANTEC
    11.10.1. Key Facts
    11.10.2. Business Description
    11.10.3. Products and Services
    11.10.4. Financial Overview
    11.10.5. SWOT Analysis
    11.10.6. Key Developments

    12. APPENDIX
    12.1. ABOUT THE INSIGHT PARTNERS
    12.2. GLOSSARY OF TERMS
    The List of Companies

    1.bdtronic
    2.Diener electronic
    3.Nordson MARCH
    4.Plasmatreat
    5.PVA TePla AG
    6.PINK GmbH Thermosysteme
    7.Plasma Etch, Inc.
    8.Samco Inc.
    9.SCI Automation
    10.Tantec

    The Insight Partners performs research in 4 major stages: Data Collection & Secondary Research, Primary Research, Data Analysis and Data Triangulation & Final Review.

    1. Data Collection and Secondary Research:

    As a market research and consulting firm operating from a decade, we have published many reports and advised several clients across the globe. First step for any study will start with an assessment of currently available data and insights from existing reports. Further, historical and current market information is collected from Investor Presentations, Annual Reports, SEC Filings, etc., and other information related to company’s performance and market positioning are gathered from Paid Databases (Factiva, Hoovers, and Reuters) and various other publications available in public domain.

    Several associations trade associates, technical forums, institutes, societies and organizations are accessed to gain technical as well as market related insights through their publications such as research papers, blogs and press releases related to the studies are referred to get cues about the market. Further, white papers, journals, magazines, and other news articles published in the last 3 years are scrutinized and analyzed to understand the current market trends.

    1. Primary Research:

    The primarily interview analysis comprise of data obtained from industry participants interview and answers to survey questions gathered by in-house primary team.

    For primary research, interviews are conducted with industry experts/CEOs/Marketing Managers/Sales Managers/VPs/Subject Matter Experts from both demand and supply side to get a 360-degree view of the market. The primary team conducts several interviews based on the complexity of the markets to understand the various market trends and dynamics which makes research more credible and precise.

    A typical research interview fulfils the following functions:

    • Provides first-hand information on the market size, market trends, growth trends, competitive landscape, and outlook
    • Validates and strengthens in-house secondary research findings
    • Develops the analysis team’s expertise and market understanding

    Primary research involves email interactions and telephone interviews for each market, category, segment, and sub-segment across geographies. The participants who typically take part in such a process include, but are not limited to:

    • Industry participants: VPs, business development managers, market intelligence managers and national sales managers
    • Outside experts: Valuation experts, research analysts and key opinion leaders specializing in the electronics and semiconductor industry.

    Below is the breakup of our primary respondents by company, designation, and region:

    Research Methodology

    Once we receive the confirmation from primary research sources or primary respondents, we finalize the base year market estimation and forecast the data as per the macroeconomic and microeconomic factors assessed during data collection.

    1. Data Analysis:

    Once data is validated through both secondary as well as primary respondents, we finalize the market estimations by hypothesis formulation and factor analysis at regional and country level.

    • 3.1 Macro-Economic Factor Analysis:

    We analyse macroeconomic indicators such the gross domestic product (GDP), increase in the demand for goods and services across industries, technological advancement, regional economic growth, governmental policies, the influence of COVID-19, PEST analysis, and other aspects. This analysis aids in setting benchmarks for various nations/regions and approximating market splits. Additionally, the general trend of the aforementioned components aid in determining the market's development possibilities.

    • 3.2 Country Level Data:

    Various factors that are especially aligned to the country are taken into account to determine the market size for a certain area and country, including the presence of vendors, such as headquarters and offices, the country's GDP, demand patterns, and industry growth. To comprehend the market dynamics for the nation, a number of growth variables, inhibitors, application areas, and current market trends are researched. The aforementioned elements aid in determining the country's overall market's growth potential.

    • 3.3 Company Profile:

    The “Table of Contents” is formulated by listing and analyzing more than 25 - 30 companies operating in the market ecosystem across geographies. However, we profile only 10 companies as a standard practice in our syndicate reports. These 10 companies comprise leading, emerging, and regional players. Nonetheless, our analysis is not restricted to the 10 listed companies, we also analyze other companies present in the market to develop a holistic view and understand the prevailing trends. The “Company Profiles” section in the report covers key facts, business description, products & services, financial information, SWOT analysis, and key developments. The financial information presented is extracted from the annual reports and official documents of the publicly listed companies. Upon collecting the information for the sections of respective companies, we verify them via various primary sources and then compile the data in respective company profiles. The company level information helps us in deriving the base number as well as in forecasting the market size.

    • 3.4 Developing Base Number:

    Aggregation of sales statistics (2020-2022) and macro-economic factor, and other secondary and primary research insights are utilized to arrive at base number and related market shares for 2022. The data gaps are identified in this step and relevant market data is analyzed, collected from paid primary interviews or databases. On finalizing the base year market size, forecasts are developed on the basis of macro-economic, industry and market growth factors and company level analysis.

    1. Data Triangulation and Final Review:

    The market findings and base year market size calculations are validated from supply as well as demand side. Demand side validations are based on macro-economic factor analysis and benchmarks for respective regions and countries. In case of supply side validations, revenues of major companies are estimated (in case not available) based on industry benchmark, approximate number of employees, product portfolio, and primary interviews revenues are gathered. Further revenue from target product/service segment is assessed to avoid overshooting of market statistics. In case of heavy deviations between supply and demand side values, all thes steps are repeated to achieve synchronization.

    We follow an iterative model, wherein we share our research findings with Subject Matter Experts (SME’s) and Key Opinion Leaders (KOLs) until consensus view of the market is not formulated – this model negates any drastic deviation in the opinions of experts. Only validated and universally acceptable research findings are quoted in our reports.

    We have important check points that we use to validate our research findings – which we call – data triangulation, where we validate the information, we generate from secondary sources with primary interviews and then we re-validate with our internal data bases and Subject matter experts. This comprehensive model enables us to deliver high quality, reliable data in shortest possible time.

    Your data will never be shared with third parties, however, we may send you information from time to time about our products that may be of interest to you. By submitting your details, you agree to be contacted by us. You may contact us at any time to opt-out.

    Trends and growth analysis reports related to Manufacturing and Construction : READ MORE..