Wireless Printers Market Size and CAGR by 2031
The Wireless Printers Market is expected to register a CAGR of 7.1% from 2024 to 2031, with a market size expanding from US$ XX million in 2024 to US$ XX Million by 2031.
The Wireless Printers Market report covers analysis by Type (Wireless Inkjet Printers, Wireless Laser Printers) and End-user (Industrial, Commercial, Residential) The global analysis is further broken down at the regional level and major countries. The Report Offers the Value in USD for the above analysis and segments.
Purpose of the ReportThe report Wireless Printers Market by The Insight Partners aims to describe the present landscape and future growth, top driving factors, challenges, and opportunities. This will provide insights to various business stakeholders, such as:
- Technology Providers/Manufacturers: To understand the evolving market dynamics and know the potential growth opportunities, enabling them to make informed strategic decisions.
- Investors: To conduct a comprehensive trend analysis regarding the market growth rate, market financial projections, and opportunities that exist across the value chain.
- Regulatory bodies: To regulate policies and police activities in the market with the aim of minimizing abuse, preserving investor trust and confidence, and upholding the integrity and stability of the market.
Wireless Printers Market Segmentation
Type- Wireless Inkjet Printers
- Wireless Laser Printers
- Industrial
- Commercial
- Residential
Strategic Insights
Wireless Printers Market Growth Drivers- Impact of Remote and Hybrid Work: The shift to remote and hybrid work models increased demand for wireless printers to support home offices. This, in turn, expanded the market size as individuals and small businesses invested in wireless printing solutions. Based on reports, this is considered one of the main factors driving the market and thus shaping global market dynamics. PEST analysis explains that remote-friendly devices enhance competitive analysis, for the reason that companies work in innovation to meet the changing requirements of work.
- Technological Advancements: The discovery of new wireless connectivity technologies, such as Wi-Fi Direct and cloud printing, has extended the capabilities of wireless printers. The technological changes continue to heighten market growth since users expect to fulfill printing tasks in an easy and diversified way. From the market trends, it is clear that a high demand for these connectivity features has triggered the expansion of the global market, especially among enterprise and individual customers. Increased connectivity options generate a competitive environment that leads manufacturers to invest more in technology to win a greater market share.
- Sustainability Trends Boosting the Market: With the growing need to cut down on paper and energy, making wireless printers environmentally friendly and more economical has attracted environmentally conscious consumers and businesses. This driver is indeed adding to the market size as sustainability has emerged as one of the big tickets in customer purchasing decisions. It is reinforced by market research that this would be one of the trends creating growth in the global market, for companies are switching towards sustainable options for printing to enhance their brand reputation. According to the market reports, the sustainability measures will ensure the long-term development of the manufacturers of wireless printers in the global scenario.
- Cloud and Mobile Integration Enhancing the Demand: The feature of cloud and mobile printing is an essential feature for wireless printers. This feature enables users to print from any location. The key players are trying to include the above features in their market strategy, as users require flexibility. As stated in the SWOT analysis, companies that offer cloud and mobile integration tend to be at an advantageous level. Market dynamics also indicate that these features are going to be paramount, as forecasts show continued demand in the wireless printers market for solutions that can provide remote access remotely.
- Rising Demand for Compact and Portable Wireless Printers: Compact and portable wireless printers are gaining momentum, with consumers' interest in small, lightweight, space-saver devices. Major players take advantage of this consideration by developing smaller but efficient models, targeting a large share of the market. Market forecasts show that portable printers will see a great surge, particularly among mobile professionals. By SWOT analysis, it can be found that the brands offering compact designs enjoy privileged market positioning and develop unique dynamics in the market with products for use on the go.
- Growth in Demand for Versatile Wireless Printers with Multiple Functions: Increasing demand for wireless printers capable of scanning, copying, and sending fax; it is clear that what customers want is a complete solution to enhance productivity. Key players are trying to introduce such features in pursuit of meeting consumer demands for versatility. Multifunctional devices serve homes and offices, and the market forecasts show that this will continue higher in the future since more people are showing interest in saving space and cost due to new technologies.
- Expansion in Emerging Regions: The increasing access to digital platforms and a growing mobile workforce in Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and Africa will create opportunities for the wireless printers market to expand. Reports on the industry landscape attest that demand concerning wireless printers is gaining traction in these regions, thus offering new paths to share. Market overview data shows that tapping into these geographies with affordable yet feature-rich models will create significant avenues of growth for the manufacturers of wireless printers in the global market.
- Rising Adoption in Healthcare and Education Sectors: Due to growing requirements for mobile and flexible printing solutions, the healthcare and education sectors increasingly adopting wireless printers. Both North America and Europe exhibit high demand concerning such applications; hence, operational efficiency improves with enhanced wireless technology. The market share in both these sectors is on the rise, as reports on the industry landscape indicate very fair opportunities for wireless printer manufacturers to leverage such growth through offering solutions tailored toward each sector's needs.
- Smart Office Solutions Boosting Demand for Advanced Wireless Printers: Increasingly smart office solutions have proved to be a very good opportunity for the wireless printer manufacturing companies. Smart office solutions have much focus on connectivity and integration; hence, the requirement is for advanced wireless printers capable of interfacing with IoT and cloud-based systems. Currently, these trends are being propelled by the markets of North America and Europe, while reports on market overviews indicate huge growth potential. In the case of Smart Integrative Printing Solutions, for instance, it has to do with providing solutions to the industry landscape demands and allowing businesses to gain a better market share in such high-tech offices.
Market Report Scope
Key Selling Points
- Comprehensive Coverage: The report comprehensively covers the analysis of products, services, types, and end users of the Wireless Printers Market, providing a holistic landscape.
- Expert Analysis: The report is compiled based on the in-depth understanding of industry experts and analysts.
- Up-to-date Information: The report assures business relevance due to its coverage of recent information and data trends.
- Customization Options: This report can be customized to cater to specific client requirements and suit the business strategies aptly.
The research report on the Wireless Printers Market can, therefore, help spearhead the trail of decoding and understanding the industry scenario and growth prospects. Although there can be a few valid concerns, the overall benefits of this report tend to outweigh the disadvantages.
REGIONAL FRAMEWORKHave a question?
Naveen
Naveen will walk you through a 15-minute call to present the report’s content and answer all queries if you have any.
Speak to Analyst- Sample PDF showcases the content structure and the nature of the information with qualitative and quantitative analysis.
- Request discounts available for Start-Ups & Universities
- Sample PDF showcases the content structure and the nature of the information with qualitative and quantitative analysis.
- Request discounts available for Start-Ups & Universities
Report Coverage
Revenue forecast, Company Analysis, Industry landscape, Growth factors, and Trends
Segment Covered
This text is related
to segments covered.
Regional Scope
North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Middle East & Africa, South & Central America
Country Scope
This text is related
to country scope.
Frequently Asked Questions
Some of the customization options available based on request are additional 3-5 company profiles and country-specific analysis of 3-5 countries of your choice. Customizations are to be requested/discussed before making final order confirmation, as our team would review the same and check the feasibility.
The report can be delivered in PDF/PPT format; we can also share excel dataset based on the request.
Key companies in this market are: Brother Industries, Ltd., Canon Inc., Citizen Systems Europe GmbH, HiTi Digital, Inc., HP Development Company, L.P., Lexmark International, Inc., Ricoh Company, Ltd., Seiko Epson Corporation, Xerox Corporation, Zebra Technologies Corporation
Key future trends in this market are - Growth in home and office automation, Increased demand for portable printing, Advancements in wireless connectivity
The Wireless Printers Market is expected to register a CAGR of 7.1% from 2023-2031.
The major factors impacting the Wireless Printers Market are: Growing Demand for Remote Work Solutions, Advancements in Wireless Connectivity, and Environmental and Cost-Efficiency Benefits
1.INTRODUCTION
1.1.SCOPE OF THE STUDY
1.2.THE INSIGHT PARTNERS RESEARCH REPORT GUIDANCE
1.3.MARKET SEGMENTATION
1.3.1Wireless Printers Market - By Type
1.3.2Wireless Printers Market - By End-user
1.3.3Wireless Printers Market - By Region
1.3.3.1By Country
2.KEY TAKEAWAYS
3.RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
4.WIRELESS PRINTERS MARKET LANDSCAPE
4.1.OVERVIEW
4.2.PEST ANALYSIS
4.2.1North America - Pest Analysis
4.2.2Europe - Pest Analysis
4.2.3Asia-Pacific - Pest Analysis
4.2.4Middle East and Africa - Pest Analysis
4.2.5South and Central America - Pest Analysis
4.3.ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS
4.4.EXPERT OPINIONS
5.WIRELESS PRINTERS MARKET - KEY MARKET DYNAMICS
5.1.KEY MARKET DRIVERS
5.2.KEY MARKET RESTRAINTS
5.3.KEY MARKET OPPORTUNITIES
5.4.FUTURE TRENDS
5.5.IMPACT ANALYSIS OF DRIVERS AND RESTRAINTS
6.WIRELESS PRINTERS MARKET - GLOBAL MARKET ANALYSIS
6.1.WIRELESS PRINTERS - GLOBAL MARKET OVERVIEW
6.2.WIRELESS PRINTERS - GLOBAL MARKET AND FORECAST TO 2028
6.3.MARKET POSITIONING/MARKET SHARE
7.WIRELESS PRINTERS MARKET - REVENUE AND FORECASTS TO 2028 " TYPE
7.1.OVERVIEW
7.2.TYPE MARKET FORECASTS AND ANALYSIS
7.3.WIRELESS INKJET PRINTERS
7.3.1.Overview
7.3.2.Wireless Inkjet Printers Market Forecast and Analysis
7.4.WIRELESS LASER PRINTERS
7.4.1.Overview
7.4.2.Wireless Laser Printers Market Forecast and Analysis
8.WIRELESS PRINTERS MARKET - REVENUE AND FORECASTS TO 2028 " END-USER
8.1.OVERVIEW
8.2.END-USER MARKET FORECASTS AND ANALYSIS
8.3.INDUSTRIAL
8.3.1.Overview
8.3.2.Industrial Market Forecast and Analysis
8.4.COMMERCIAL
8.4.1.Overview
8.4.2.Commercial Market Forecast and Analysis
8.5.RESIDENTIAL
8.5.1.Overview
8.5.2.Residential Market Forecast and Analysis
9.WIRELESS PRINTERS MARKET REVENUE AND FORECASTS TO 2028 " GEOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS
9.1.NORTH AMERICA
9.1.1North America Wireless Printers Market Overview
9.1.2North America Wireless Printers Market Forecasts and Analysis
9.1.3North America Wireless Printers Market Forecasts and Analysis - By Type
9.1.4North America Wireless Printers Market Forecasts and Analysis - By End-user
9.1.5North America Wireless Printers Market Forecasts and Analysis - By Countries
9.1.5.1United States Wireless Printers Market
9.1.5.1.1United States Wireless Printers Market by Type
9.1.5.1.2United States Wireless Printers Market by End-user
9.1.5.2Canada Wireless Printers Market
9.1.5.2.1Canada Wireless Printers Market by Type
9.1.5.2.2Canada Wireless Printers Market by End-user
9.1.5.3Mexico Wireless Printers Market
9.1.5.3.1Mexico Wireless Printers Market by Type
9.1.5.3.2Mexico Wireless Printers Market by End-user
9.2.EUROPE
9.2.1Europe Wireless Printers Market Overview
9.2.2Europe Wireless Printers Market Forecasts and Analysis
9.2.3Europe Wireless Printers Market Forecasts and Analysis - By Type
9.2.4Europe Wireless Printers Market Forecasts and Analysis - By End-user
9.2.5Europe Wireless Printers Market Forecasts and Analysis - By Countries
9.2.5.1Germany Wireless Printers Market
9.2.5.1.1Germany Wireless Printers Market by Type
9.2.5.1.2Germany Wireless Printers Market by End-user
9.2.5.2France Wireless Printers Market
9.2.5.2.1France Wireless Printers Market by Type
9.2.5.2.2France Wireless Printers Market by End-user
9.2.5.3Italy Wireless Printers Market
9.2.5.3.1Italy Wireless Printers Market by Type
9.2.5.3.2Italy Wireless Printers Market by End-user
9.2.5.4United Kingdom Wireless Printers Market
9.2.5.4.1United Kingdom Wireless Printers Market by Type
9.2.5.4.2United Kingdom Wireless Printers Market by End-user
9.2.5.5Russia Wireless Printers Market
9.2.5.5.1Russia Wireless Printers Market by Type
9.2.5.5.2Russia Wireless Printers Market by End-user
9.2.5.6Rest of Europe Wireless Printers Market
9.2.5.6.1Rest of Europe Wireless Printers Market by Type
9.2.5.6.2Rest of Europe Wireless Printers Market by End-user
9.3.ASIA-PACIFIC
9.3.1Asia-Pacific Wireless Printers Market Overview
9.3.2Asia-Pacific Wireless Printers Market Forecasts and Analysis
9.3.3Asia-Pacific Wireless Printers Market Forecasts and Analysis - By Type
9.3.4Asia-Pacific Wireless Printers Market Forecasts and Analysis - By End-user
9.3.5Asia-Pacific Wireless Printers Market Forecasts and Analysis - By Countries
9.3.5.1Australia Wireless Printers Market
9.3.5.1.1Australia Wireless Printers Market by Type
9.3.5.1.2Australia Wireless Printers Market by End-user
9.3.5.2China Wireless Printers Market
9.3.5.2.1China Wireless Printers Market by Type
9.3.5.2.2China Wireless Printers Market by End-user
9.3.5.3India Wireless Printers Market
9.3.5.3.1India Wireless Printers Market by Type
9.3.5.3.2India Wireless Printers Market by End-user
9.3.5.4Japan Wireless Printers Market
9.3.5.4.1Japan Wireless Printers Market by Type
9.3.5.4.2Japan Wireless Printers Market by End-user
9.3.5.5South Korea Wireless Printers Market
9.3.5.5.1South Korea Wireless Printers Market by Type
9.3.5.5.2South Korea Wireless Printers Market by End-user
9.3.5.6Rest of Asia-Pacific Wireless Printers Market
9.3.5.6.1Rest of Asia-Pacific Wireless Printers Market by Type
9.3.5.6.2Rest of Asia-Pacific Wireless Printers Market by End-user
9.4.MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA
9.4.1Middle East and Africa Wireless Printers Market Overview
9.4.2Middle East and Africa Wireless Printers Market Forecasts and Analysis
9.4.3Middle East and Africa Wireless Printers Market Forecasts and Analysis - By Type
9.4.4Middle East and Africa Wireless Printers Market Forecasts and Analysis - By End-user
9.4.5Middle East and Africa Wireless Printers Market Forecasts and Analysis - By Countries
9.4.5.1South Africa Wireless Printers Market
9.4.5.1.1South Africa Wireless Printers Market by Type
9.4.5.1.2South Africa Wireless Printers Market by End-user
9.4.5.2Saudi Arabia Wireless Printers Market
9.4.5.2.1Saudi Arabia Wireless Printers Market by Type
9.4.5.2.2Saudi Arabia Wireless Printers Market by End-user
9.4.5.3U.A.E Wireless Printers Market
9.4.5.3.1U.A.E Wireless Printers Market by Type
9.4.5.3.2U.A.E Wireless Printers Market by End-user
9.4.5.4Rest of Middle East and Africa Wireless Printers Market
9.4.5.4.1Rest of Middle East and Africa Wireless Printers Market by Type
9.4.5.4.2Rest of Middle East and Africa Wireless Printers Market by End-user
9.5.SOUTH AND CENTRAL AMERICA
9.5.1South and Central America Wireless Printers Market Overview
9.5.2South and Central America Wireless Printers Market Forecasts and Analysis
9.5.3South and Central America Wireless Printers Market Forecasts and Analysis - By Type
9.5.4South and Central America Wireless Printers Market Forecasts and Analysis - By End-user
9.5.5South and Central America Wireless Printers Market Forecasts and Analysis - By Countries
9.5.5.1Brazil Wireless Printers Market
9.5.5.1.1Brazil Wireless Printers Market by Type
9.5.5.1.2Brazil Wireless Printers Market by End-user
9.5.5.2Argentina Wireless Printers Market
9.5.5.2.1Argentina Wireless Printers Market by Type
9.5.5.2.2Argentina Wireless Printers Market by End-user
9.5.5.3Rest of South and Central America Wireless Printers Market
9.5.5.3.1Rest of South and Central America Wireless Printers Market by Type
9.5.5.3.2Rest of South and Central America Wireless Printers Market by End-user
10.INDUSTRY LANDSCAPE
10.1.MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS
10.2.AGREEMENTS, COLLABORATIONS AND JOIN VENTURES
10.3.NEW PRODUCT LAUNCHES
10.4.EXPANSIONS AND OTHER STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENTS
11.WIRELESS PRINTERS MARKET, KEY COMPANY PROFILES
11.1.BROTHER INDUSTRIES, LTD.
11.1.1.Key Facts
11.1.2.Business Description
11.1.3.Products and Services
11.1.4.Financial Overview
11.1.5.SWOT Analysis
11.1.6.Key Developments
11.2.CANON INC.
11.2.1.Key Facts
11.2.2.Business Description
11.2.3.Products and Services
11.2.4.Financial Overview
11.2.5.SWOT Analysis
11.2.6.Key Developments
11.3.CITIZEN SYSTEMS EUROPE GMBH
11.3.1.Key Facts
11.3.2.Business Description
11.3.3.Products and Services
11.3.4.Financial Overview
11.3.5.SWOT Analysis
11.3.6.Key Developments
11.4.HITI DIGITAL, INC.
11.4.1.Key Facts
11.4.2.Business Description
11.4.3.Products and Services
11.4.4.Financial Overview
11.4.5.SWOT Analysis
11.4.6.Key Developments
11.5.HP DEVELOPMENT COMPANY, L.P.
11.5.1.Key Facts
11.5.2.Business Description
11.5.3.Products and Services
11.5.4.Financial Overview
11.5.5.SWOT Analysis
11.5.6.Key Developments
11.6.LEXMARK INTERNATIONAL, INC.
11.6.1.Key Facts
11.6.2.Business Description
11.6.3.Products and Services
11.6.4.Financial Overview
11.6.5.SWOT Analysis
11.6.6.Key Developments
11.7.RICOH COMPANY, LTD.
11.7.1.Key Facts
11.7.2.Business Description
11.7.3.Products and Services
11.7.4.Financial Overview
11.7.5.SWOT Analysis
11.7.6.Key Developments
11.8.SEIKO EPSON CORPORATION
11.8.1.Key Facts
11.8.2.Business Description
11.8.3.Products and Services
11.8.4.Financial Overview
11.8.5.SWOT Analysis
11.8.6.Key Developments
11.9.XEROX CORPORATION
11.9.1.Key Facts
11.9.2.Business Description
11.9.3.Products and Services
11.9.4.Financial Overview
11.9.5.SWOT Analysis
11.9.6.Key Developments
11.10.ZEBRA TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
11.10.1.Key Facts
11.10.2.Business Description
11.10.3.Products and Services
11.10.4.Financial Overview
11.10.5.SWOT Analysis
11.10.6.Key Developments
12.APPENDIX
12.1.ABOUT THE INSIGHT PARTNERS
12.2.GLOSSARY OF TERMS
1. Brother Industries, Ltd.
2. Canon Inc.
3. Citizen Systems Europe GmbH
4. HiTi Digital, Inc.
5. HP Development Company, L.P.
6. Lexmark International, Inc.
7. Ricoh Company, Ltd.
8. Seiko Epson Corporation
9. Xerox Corporation
10. Zebra Technologies Corporation
The Insight Partners performs research in 4 major stages: Data Collection & Secondary Research, Primary Research, Data Analysis and Data Triangulation & Final Review.
- Data Collection and Secondary Research:
As a market research and consulting firm operating from a decade, we have published many reports and advised several clients across the globe. First step for any study will start with an assessment of currently available data and insights from existing reports. Further, historical and current market information is collected from Investor Presentations, Annual Reports, SEC Filings, etc., and other information related to company’s performance and market positioning are gathered from Paid Databases (Factiva, Hoovers, and Reuters) and various other publications available in public domain.
Several associations trade associates, technical forums, institutes, societies and organizations are accessed to gain technical as well as market related insights through their publications such as research papers, blogs and press releases related to the studies are referred to get cues about the market. Further, white papers, journals, magazines, and other news articles published in the last 3 years are scrutinized and analyzed to understand the current market trends.
- Primary Research:
The primarily interview analysis comprise of data obtained from industry participants interview and answers to survey questions gathered by in-house primary team.
For primary research, interviews are conducted with industry experts/CEOs/Marketing Managers/Sales Managers/VPs/Subject Matter Experts from both demand and supply side to get a 360-degree view of the market. The primary team conducts several interviews based on the complexity of the markets to understand the various market trends and dynamics which makes research more credible and precise.
A typical research interview fulfils the following functions:
- Provides first-hand information on the market size, market trends, growth trends, competitive landscape, and outlook
- Validates and strengthens in-house secondary research findings
- Develops the analysis team’s expertise and market understanding
Primary research involves email interactions and telephone interviews for each market, category, segment, and sub-segment across geographies. The participants who typically take part in such a process include, but are not limited to:
- Industry participants: VPs, business development managers, market intelligence managers and national sales managers
- Outside experts: Valuation experts, research analysts and key opinion leaders specializing in the electronics and semiconductor industry.
Below is the breakup of our primary respondents by company, designation, and region:
Once we receive the confirmation from primary research sources or primary respondents, we finalize the base year market estimation and forecast the data as per the macroeconomic and microeconomic factors assessed during data collection.
- Data Analysis:
Once data is validated through both secondary as well as primary respondents, we finalize the market estimations by hypothesis formulation and factor analysis at regional and country level.
- 3.1 Macro-Economic Factor Analysis:
We analyse macroeconomic indicators such the gross domestic product (GDP), increase in the demand for goods and services across industries, technological advancement, regional economic growth, governmental policies, the influence of COVID-19, PEST analysis, and other aspects. This analysis aids in setting benchmarks for various nations/regions and approximating market splits. Additionally, the general trend of the aforementioned components aid in determining the market's development possibilities.
- 3.2 Country Level Data:
Various factors that are especially aligned to the country are taken into account to determine the market size for a certain area and country, including the presence of vendors, such as headquarters and offices, the country's GDP, demand patterns, and industry growth. To comprehend the market dynamics for the nation, a number of growth variables, inhibitors, application areas, and current market trends are researched. The aforementioned elements aid in determining the country's overall market's growth potential.
- 3.3 Company Profile:
The “Table of Contents” is formulated by listing and analyzing more than 25 - 30 companies operating in the market ecosystem across geographies. However, we profile only 10 companies as a standard practice in our syndicate reports. These 10 companies comprise leading, emerging, and regional players. Nonetheless, our analysis is not restricted to the 10 listed companies, we also analyze other companies present in the market to develop a holistic view and understand the prevailing trends. The “Company Profiles” section in the report covers key facts, business description, products & services, financial information, SWOT analysis, and key developments. The financial information presented is extracted from the annual reports and official documents of the publicly listed companies. Upon collecting the information for the sections of respective companies, we verify them via various primary sources and then compile the data in respective company profiles. The company level information helps us in deriving the base number as well as in forecasting the market size.
- 3.4 Developing Base Number:
Aggregation of sales statistics (2020-2022) and macro-economic factor, and other secondary and primary research insights are utilized to arrive at base number and related market shares for 2022. The data gaps are identified in this step and relevant market data is analyzed, collected from paid primary interviews or databases. On finalizing the base year market size, forecasts are developed on the basis of macro-economic, industry and market growth factors and company level analysis.
- Data Triangulation and Final Review:
The market findings and base year market size calculations are validated from supply as well as demand side. Demand side validations are based on macro-economic factor analysis and benchmarks for respective regions and countries. In case of supply side validations, revenues of major companies are estimated (in case not available) based on industry benchmark, approximate number of employees, product portfolio, and primary interviews revenues are gathered. Further revenue from target product/service segment is assessed to avoid overshooting of market statistics. In case of heavy deviations between supply and demand side values, all thes steps are repeated to achieve synchronization.
We follow an iterative model, wherein we share our research findings with Subject Matter Experts (SME’s) and Key Opinion Leaders (KOLs) until consensus view of the market is not formulated – this model negates any drastic deviation in the opinions of experts. Only validated and universally acceptable research findings are quoted in our reports.
We have important check points that we use to validate our research findings – which we call – data triangulation, where we validate the information, we generate from secondary sources with primary interviews and then we re-validate with our internal data bases and Subject matter experts. This comprehensive model enables us to deliver high quality, reliable data in shortest possible time.