抗生素是现代医学的基础元素,在减轻传染病负担、降低甚至遏制死亡率方面有着良好的记录。在无需识别致病病原体的情况下迅速治疗感染的能力,已经控制了感染的流行,并为现代医学以手术、器官移植、化疗以及新生儿和儿科护理的形式提供了许多机会。然而,所有这些好处正在蚕食上述以及更多的好处,导致世界卫生组织对后抗生素时代的可能性以及抗生素耐药性的相关负担发出警告。由于抗生素耐药性持续存在,预计到 2050 年,抗生素耐药性感染每年将导致超过 1000 万人死亡,全球经济的成本负担将高达 100 万亿美元。
抗生素耐药性的管理和遏制是一种多方面的临床、监管和经济方法。这些步骤包括改善监管框架、充实管道、开发新的窄谱抗生素和替代疗法、改变治疗目标,以及激励有针对性的抗生素开发。抗菌策略的一个主要方面是靶向抗生素的开发和商业化,即针对物种或属的抗菌药物。这项研究讨论了这种方法的挑战和优点,并强调了一些有助于识别窄谱和靶向抗生素的建议。本综述并非综述和市场趋势的综合汇编,而是旨在重点介绍靶向抗生素领域的一些最新进展和流行动态。
对抗耐药细菌感染的有前途的策略可以是预防感染和随之而来的耐药性风险,通过部署来翻新抗生素管道综合经济和监管措施,通过保留现有抗生素的使用来降低耐药性风险,开发一种新的微生物攻击治疗方法以减少耐药性感染的可能性,开发物种特异性和窄谱抗生素,以及开发治疗方法宿主目标比微生物制剂更重要。
改进使用方案以增强现有抗生素的效用确实是这是遏制阻力风险的最佳策略,但是,缺乏明确的跟踪机制和统一资源的可用性限制了这种方法的潜力。另一种方法是开发新型抗生素作为有针对性的方法,从而攻击致病病原体,从而减少甚至最小化对微生物群的影响。光谱抗生素通常被视为一种普遍而粗略的方法,这些药物不仅可以解决致病病原体,而且还会对其他微生物组造成明显的损害。因此,这种非靶向治疗可能会对最终疾病的发展产生严重后果,因此迫切需要新一代抗生素,并最终需要转变以解决这些问题。最近已达到临床开发后期(针对病原体特异性抗生素)的一些潜在候选药物包括 Ridinilmaze、Afabicin 和 AR-101。有一些临床前候选药物是耐药细菌的潜在治疗方法。
抗生素研发管道的明显崩溃被认为是这是经济和监管挑战的结果,本报告将进一步讨论这些挑战。建议克服这些挑战的解决方案是更好地调整和调整抗生素开发的监管和经济方法。公私合作伙伴关系 (PPP) 可能是使研发重点与未满足的需求保持一致的潜在步骤。
新颖的监管前景和相应方法,例如有限人口抗生素药物美国传染病学会的倡议还可以批准与小型且廉价的临床试验相对应的药物,重点关注由高耐药性病原体引起的特定感染。因此,建议采取此类举措,以增强临床医生对抗生素的所有权,并通过降低临床试验成本来提供货币激励。本报告全面讨论了整个广谱和窄谱抗生素市场的当前和未来状况。这项研究还让我们了解了政府、临床医生和药品制造商在开发靶向抗生素方面制定和部署的主要战略。该研究的结论是为降低进一步抗生素耐药性的风险而采取的措施,以及在该领域可以采取的经济、监管和临床方法方面的分析建议。
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- PEST and SWOT Analysis
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Report Coverage
Revenue forecast, Company Analysis, Industry landscape, Growth factors, and Trends
Segment Covered
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Regional Scope
North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Middle East & Africa, South & Central America
Country Scope
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The List of Companies
- GlaxoSmithKline PLC
- Pfizer Inc.
- Johnson & Johnson Inc.
- Merck & Co. Inc.
- Bayer AG
- Novartis AG
- Sanofi SA
- F. Hoffmann La Roche AG
- Eli Lilly & Company
- Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.
- AbbVie
- STADA Arzneimittel
- Cubist Pharmaceuticals
- Abbott Laboratories
- Shionogi & Co., Ltd.
- Daiichi Sankyo
- Astellas Pharma
- Sun Pharmaceutical Industries
- Lupin
- Cipla
- Top Antibiotic Startups
- Arixia Pharmaceuticals
- Acurx Pharmaceuticals
- Clemedi
- Locus Biosciences
- Bioversys
- Paratek Pharma
- Destiny Pharma
- Vedanta Biosciences
- Spero Therapeutics
- Oxford Drug Designs
- Entasis Therapeutics
- Nabriva
- Melinta Therapeutics
The Insight Partners performs research in 4 major stages: Data Collection & Secondary Research, Primary Research, Data Analysis and Data Triangulation & Final Review.
- Data Collection and Secondary Research:
As a market research and consulting firm operating from a decade, we have published and advised several client across the globe. First step for any study will start with an assessment of currently available data and insights from existing reports. Further, historical and current market information is collected from Investor Presentations, Annual Reports, SEC Filings, etc., and other information related to company’s performance and market positioning are gathered from Paid Databases (Factiva, Hoovers, and Reuters) and various other publications available in public domain.
Several associations trade associates, technical forums, institutes, societies and organization are accessed to gain technical as well as market related insights through their publications such as research papers, blogs and press releases related to the studies are referred to get cues about the market. Further, white papers, journals, magazines, and other news articles published in last 3 years are scrutinized and analyzed to understand the current market trends.
- Primary Research:
The primarily interview analysis comprise of data obtained from industry participants interview and answers to survey questions gathered by in-house primary team.
For primary research, interviews are conducted with industry experts/CEOs/Marketing Managers/VPs/Subject Matter Experts from both demand and supply side to get a 360-degree view of the market. The primary team conducts several interviews based on the complexity of the markets to understand the various market trends and dynamics which makes research more credible and precise.
A typical research interview fulfils the following functions:
- Provides first-hand information on the market size, market trends, growth trends, competitive landscape, and outlook
- Validates and strengthens in-house secondary research findings
- Develops the analysis team’s expertise and market understanding
Primary research involves email interactions and telephone interviews for each market, category, segment, and sub-segment across geographies. The participants who typically take part in such a process include, but are not limited to:
- Industry participants: VPs, business development managers, market intelligence managers and national sales managers
- Outside experts: Valuation experts, research analysts and key opinion leaders specializing in the electronics and semiconductor industry.
Below is the breakup of our primary respondents by company, designation, and region:
Once we receive the confirmation from primary research sources or primary respondents, we finalize the base year market estimation and forecast the data as per the macroeconomic and microeconomic factors assessed during data collection.
- Data Analysis:
Once data is validated through both secondary as well as primary respondents, we finalize the market estimations by hypothesis formulation and factor analysis at regional and country level.
- Macro-Economic Factor Analysis:
We analyse macroeconomic indicators such the gross domestic product (GDP), increase in the demand for goods and services across industries, technological advancement, regional economic growth, governmental policies, the influence of COVID-19, PEST analysis, and other aspects. This analysis aids in setting benchmarks for various nations/regions and approximating market splits. Additionally, the general trend of the aforementioned components aid in determining the market's development possibilities.
- Country Level Data:
Various factors that are especially aligned to the country are taken into account to determine the market size for a certain area and country, including the presence of vendors, such as headquarters and offices, the country's GDP, demand patterns, and industry growth. To comprehend the market dynamics for the nation, a number of growth variables, inhibitors, application areas, and current market trends are researched. The aforementioned elements aid in determining the country's overall market's growth potential.
- Company Profile:
The “Table of Contents” is formulated by listing and analyzing more than 25 - 30 companies operating in the market ecosystem across geographies. However, we profile only 10 companies as a standard practice in our syndicate reports. These 10 companies comprise leading, emerging, and regional players. Nonetheless, our analysis is not restricted to the 10 listed companies, we also analyze other companies present in the market to develop a holistic view and understand the prevailing trends. The “Company Profiles” section in the report covers key facts, business description, products & services, financial information, SWOT analysis, and key developments. The financial information presented is extracted from the annual reports and official documents of the publicly listed companies. Upon collecting the information for the sections of respective companies, we verify them via various primary sources and then compile the data in respective company profiles. The company level information helps us in deriving the base number as well as in forecasting the market size.
- Developing Base Number:
Aggregation of sales statistics (2020-2022) and macro-economic factor, and other secondary and primary research insights are utilized to arrive at base number and related market shares for 2022. The data gaps are identified in this step and relevant market data is analyzed, collected from paid primary interviews or databases. On finalizing the base year market size, forecasts are developed on the basis of macro-economic, industry and market growth factors and company level analysis.
- Data Triangulation and Final Review:
The market findings and base year market size calculations are validated from supply as well as demand side. Demand side validations are based on macro-economic factor analysis and benchmarks for respective regions and countries. In case of supply side validations, revenues of major companies are estimated (in case not available) based on industry benchmark, approximate number of employees, product portfolio, and primary interviews revenues are gathered. Further revenue from target product/service segment is assessed to avoid overshooting of market statistics. In case of heavy deviations between supply and demand side values, all thes steps are repeated to achieve synchronization.
We follow an iterative model, wherein we share our research findings with Subject Matter Experts (SME’s) and Key Opinion Leaders (KOLs) until consensus view of the market is not formulated – this model negates any drastic deviation in the opinions of experts. Only validated and universally acceptable research findings are quoted in our reports.
We have important check points that we use to validate our research findings – which we call – data triangulation, where we validate the information, we generate from secondary sources with primary interviews and then we re-validate with our internal data bases and Subject matter experts. This comprehensive model enables us to deliver high quality, reliable data in shortest possible time.